树脂磨具的主要性能
<h2 style=\"margin:auto 0cm\"><font face=\"宋体\">树脂磨具的主要性能</font></h2><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\"> </span><strong><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\">1</span></strong></span><strong><span style=\"font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\">、树脂磨具的硬度</span></strong><span lang=\"EN-US\"><p></p></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:24pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-bidi-font-family:宋体\"></span><font face=\"宋体\"><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\">磨具的硬度是指磨粒在外力作用下从磨破例表面脱落的难易程度。一般而言,硬度高的磨具,磨粒难以脱落,自锐性较差;硬度低的磨具,磨粒容易脱落,自锐性好。由于磨具在磨削时主要是磨粒对工件产生力的相互作用,当磨粒受外力作用后,必然使结合剂同时受到一定的外力作用。因此,磨具硬度是磨粒和结合剂受外力的综合反映,以</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-bidi-font-family:宋体\"><a href=\"http://www.hj9411.com/\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">结合剂</span></span></a></span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\">把持磨粒从表面脱落的难易作判断。所以,决定磨具硬度主要不是磨粒本身的硬度,而是结合剂把持磨粒的能力。硬度不高的磨粒,可以制成硬度高的磨具;硬度高的磨粒,也可以制成硬度低的磨具。</span></font></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\"> </span></span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">磨具硬度是衡量磨具质量的重要指标之一,在磨具的所有物理机械性能中,它较能正确地反映磨具磨削的性能。目前,国内外测定磨具硬度的方法很多,其中手锥法、机械锥法,喷砂法和洛氏法是应用最广泛的方法。此外,还有声频法,超声法等测定方法。</font></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\"> </span></span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">根据机械行业标准</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">JB/T 7992</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">—</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">1995</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">《磨具的检查方法》,精度为</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">F36~F150</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">树脂磨具,用喷砂硬度机检验硬度,精度为</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">F180~F1200</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">树脂磨具,用洛氏硬度计检验硬度。</font></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\"> </span></span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">根据国家标准</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">GB/T 2484</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">一</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">1994</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">规定,磨具硬度代号按软至硬顺序分为</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">A</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">B</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">C</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">D</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">E</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">F</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">G</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">H</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">J</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">K</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">L</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">M</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">N</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">P</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">Q</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">R</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">S</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">T</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">、</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">Y</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">,共</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">19</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">级。</font></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\"> </span></span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">但是,对于树脂磨具来说,由于本身具有较大的弹性,直接影响到硬度测定的准确性。特别是对于弹性较大的树脂磨具,现行磨具硬度测定方法已不能真实反映出树脂磨具硬度。</font></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\"> </span><strong><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\">2</span></strong></span><strong><span style=\"font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\">、树脂磨具的菹织</span></strong><span lang=\"EN-US\"><p></p></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\"> </span></span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">磨具是由磨粒、结合剂、辅助材料和气孔四要素组成,而磨粒是磨具对被加工工件表面起切削作用的主要要素。所谓磨具组织,就是反映在磨具内起主要磨削作用的磨粒分布的疏密程度,也可以说是磨粒在磨具中的体积分布,以磨粒占磨具体积分数来表示,也称为磨粒率。</font></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\"> </span></span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">根据国家标准</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">GB/T 2484</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">—</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">1994</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">规定,磨具组织号按磨粒率从大到小顺序为</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">0~14</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">,其磨具组织号与磨粒率的关系:</font></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\"> </span><em><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-style:normal\">V</span></em><sub>g</sub></span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">=</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">2</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">×(</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">31</span><font face=\"宋体\"><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\">-</span><em><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-bidi-font-style:normal\">N</span></em><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\">)</span></font></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt\"><font size=\"3\"><font face=\"宋体\"><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\">式中:</span><em><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-bidi-font-style:normal\">V</span></em></font><sub><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">g</span></sub><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">——磨粒率,%;允差为±</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">1.55</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">%;</font></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\"> </span><em><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-style:normal\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\"></span>N</span></em></span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">——组织号(从</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">0~14</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">或更大)。</font></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\"> </span></span><font face=\"宋体\"><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\">磨具组织松紧与磨粒粒度有关。粗粒度</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-bidi-font-family:宋体\"><a href=\"http://www.hj9411.com/\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">磨具</span></span></a></span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\">,由于磨粒颗粒尺寸大,所占体积分数也大,即磨粒率高,所以一般粗粒度磨具组织比较紧密,组织号在</span></font><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">0~5</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">范围内。反之,细粒度磨具,其颗粒尺寸小,表面积大,同样硬度时,所用结合剂量要比粗粒度磨具多,单位体积内磨粒所占体积较少,故组织比较疏松,组织号较大。</font></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\"> </span></span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">树脂磨具组织号的测定方法见机械行业标准</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">JB/T 8339</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">一</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">1996</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">。</font></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\"> </span><strong><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\">3</span></strong></span><strong><span style=\"font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\">、砂轮的不平衡</span></strong><span lang=\"EN-US\"><p></p></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:21.75pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">砂轮在旋转或运动时,由于本身的质量中心和它的旋转轴中心不相重合,而引起振动,称为砂轮不平衡。振动力的大小,以</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">g</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">(克)来表示,称为不平衡值。砂轮的不平衡分为静不平衡、动不平衡和综合不平衡三类。</font></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:21.75pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">(</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">1</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">)静不平衡:是指砂轮的重心与旋转中心线在同一平面上,但位于该中心线的一侧。因此,作静平衡检查时,重的一边停留中心轴线的下面。</font></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\"> </span></span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">(</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">2</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">)动不平衡:是指砂轮重心与旋转中心线在同一平面上,其总重心位于旋转中心线上,因而,砂轮处于静止状态时是平衡的,但是,由于砂轮内部质量分布不匀,旋转时即会产生力偶,这种力偶在砂轮旋转时才发生,使砂轮出现动不平衡。</font></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\"> </span></span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">(</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">3</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">)综合不平衡:是指砂轮同时存在静不平衡和动不平衡。砂轮不平衡大多数属于这种情况。</font></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\"> </span></span><font face=\"宋体\"><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\">砂轮的平衡度反映了砂轮内部质量的分布状况,也反映了它在平衡过程中重心位置的变化。凡是具有正确的几何形状,内部质量分布均匀的砂轮,其平衡度也一定是好的;反之,由于砂轮内部质量分布不大均匀,会出现大小不同的不平衡值,这种不平衡值的大小直接影响着砂轮的回转强度。因此对于砂轮的不平衡值应该严格控制。对</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-bidi-font-family:宋体\"><a href=\"http://www.hj9411.com/\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">砂轮</span></span></a></span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\">静平衡检查根据国家标准</span></font><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">GB/T 2492</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">—</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\'\">1984</span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">进行。</font></span></font></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:21.75pt\"><font size=\"3\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-bidi-font-family:宋体\"></span><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family:\'times new roman\';mso-hansi-font-family:\'times new roman\'\"><font face=\"宋体\">砂轮静不平衡值,通常以放置在砂轮周边某一选择位置为使其平衡而补偿的质量来表示。</font></span></font><span lang=\"EN-US\"><p></p></span></p><p></p> <p></p>forum/2008-05/1211007952693722.jpg<br />forum/2008-05/1211007962719073.jpg<br />[此帖子已经被作者于1211007965编辑过] <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:18pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:9pt;mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:">注:</span><em><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9pt;mso-bidi-font-style:normal">v</span></em><span style="font-size:9pt;mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:">——砂轮的最高工作速度,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9pt;font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:">m/s</span><span style="font-size:9pt;mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:24.1pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">4</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">、磨具的强度</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:12pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">磨具强度包括抗拉强度、抗折强度、抗压强度和抗冲击强度。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:12pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">磨具抗拉强度反映磨具在最大张力下的强度。它是磨具制造、使用上的一个重要指标,直接与磨具在高速旋转时可能产生破裂的程度有关。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:12pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">磨具抗折强度反映磨具的最大弯曲应力或弯曲极限。它与磨具磨削中成型磨削性能有关,例如螺纹磨削、曲轴磨削及各类型的切人磨削等,都要求磨具有较好的抗折强度。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:12pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">磨具抗压强度反映在压力作用下磨具的强度极限,磨具在增大径向负荷磨削时磨粒磨钝断裂及磨具发生破裂程度与抗压强度有关。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:12pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">磨具抗冲击强度反映磨具在动负荷下抵抗冲击力的性能。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:24pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">磨具强度取决于磨具制造工艺,结合剂性能和磨具规格。影响磨具强度的因素有:磨料的种类、粒度,结合剂种类及性能,磨具的硬度、组织、密度、混料及固化工艺条件,磨具形状,砂轮外径与孔径之比等。其中在磨具特性及规格给定之后,结合剂性能及固化工艺条件最重要。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:12pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">磨具抗拉强度小于抗折强度,而它又是反映磨具在高速旋转时的抗破裂能力,为保证磨具的使用安全,磨具抗拉强度将是磨具十分重要的性能。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:12pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">砂轮的回转强度是指砂轮旋转时在离心力作用下抵抗破裂的能力,反映了砂轮抗张应力的大小和回转速度的高低。抗拉强度是通过拉力试验机把“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">8</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">”字块试样拉断测定的,砂轮的破裂速度则是在砂轮回转过程中造成砂轮破裂时的速度。根据平均应力学说其关系式:</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:66pt;mso-char-indent-count:5.5"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">p</span></em><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">=</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">1/3[<em><span style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">R</span></em><sup>2</sup></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">+</span><em><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">Rr</span></em><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">+</span><em><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">r</span></em><sup><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">2</span></sup><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">]</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">(<em><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-style:normal">ρ</span></em></span><em><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">v</span></em><sup><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">2</span></sup><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">/<em><span style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">gR</span></em><sup>2</sup></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">)</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:12pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.0"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">式中</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><em><span style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">p</span></em></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">——最大抗拉强度值,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">MPa</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">;</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:54pt;mso-char-indent-count:4.5"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">R</span></em><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">——砂轮半径,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">cm</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">;</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:48pt;mso-char-indent-count:4.0"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">r</span></em><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">——砂轮内孔半径,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">cm</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">;</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:36pt;mso-char-indent-count:3.0"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-style:normal;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt"></span></em><em><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-style:normal;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">ρ</span></em><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">一—砂轮密度,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">g/cm<sup>3</sup></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">;</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:36pt;mso-char-indent-count:3.0"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">v</span></em><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">——砂轮破裂速度,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">m/s</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">;</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:30pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.5"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">g</span></em><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">一一重力加速度,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">9.8m/s<sup>2</sup></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:24pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt"></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">一般在同样条件下,砂轮的抗拉强度值越高,其破裂速度也越高。因此,可以通过实验室“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">8</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">”字块试样测出的抗拉</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt"><a href="http://www.hj9411.com/"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:"><span lang="EN-US">强度</span></span></a></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">,近似计算出砂轮回转破裂速度。有利于砂轮制备工艺配方设计。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">砂轮的回转试验方法按国家标准</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">GB/T 2493</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">—</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">1995</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">进行。要求最高工作速度小于等于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">50m/s</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">的砂轮,其回转试验速度应是最高工作速度的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">1.6</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">倍。最高工作速度大于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">50m/s</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">的砂轮,其回转试验速度应是最高工作速度的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">1.5</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">倍;由此可知:砂轮的回转破裂速度、回转检验速度和最高工作速度,这三者之间的关系如下:</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:168pt;mso-char-indent-count:14.0"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">v</span></em><sub><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">破裂</span></sub><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">></span><em><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">v</span></em><sub><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">回转</span></sub><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">></span><em><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">v</span></em><sub><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-hansi-font-family:":;times new roman&:;quot:;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt">最高工作</span></sub><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p> 学习中感谢无私的人。。。。。 谢啦!学习中 受益匪浅呀
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